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Wednesday, December 11, 2024

8 August 1813 – Second battle of Huelma

 


Tactical map of battle area

15th French Army commanded by Marshal Augereau defend Heulma
3rd Spanish army commanded by General del Parque attack Heulma

French have 9 infantry brigades, 2 cavalry brigade, and 3 corps artillery
3 infantry and 1 cavalry brigades are detached to protect lines of supply
They have lost 3 infantry and 2 artillery battle casualties (500 men)

Spanish have 12 infantry brigades, 2 cavalry brigade, and 3 corps artillery
They have lost 7 infantry, and 1 cavalry battle casualties (2900 men)

Marshal Augereau was defeated at the battle of Alcaudete on 5 August.
He retreated to Heulma where he rallied, regrouped and resupplied
This was the first French defeat of this campaign
General del Parque is determined to repeat his victory and retake Heulma.

Table at start of battle

French deployed in front of Huelma to defend the town
43 French corps hold the farm on the right
44 Westphalian corps hold woods in the centre
45 Italian corps hold the woods on the left

Spanish army will arrive on the table at the start of move 1


End of move 2

French adjust to sighting the approaching Spanish army
CinC takes command of half of 44 corps in the centre
43 corps occupy farm
44 corps occupy woods in the centre
45 corps occupy woods on the left

Spanish army arrive on table
CinC takes command of half of 8 corps in the centre
7 corps advance towards farm on the right
8 corps advance towards woods in the centre
9 corps advance towards woods on the left
End of move 4

French wait for Spanish to come within range of artillery
CinC unlimber artillery between woods and farm
43 corps unlimber artillery to the right of farm
44 corps take cover behind woods
45 corps unlimber artillery to the left of wood

Spanish deploy out of range of French artillery
CinC artillery deploy in centre, protected by cavalry
7 corps artillery deploy facing farm on the right
8 corps infantry halt to await developments
9 corps artillery deploy facing woods on the left
End of move 6

French battered in centre and right
CinC cavalry 20% casualties and rout, joined by gunners
43 corps gunners routed with 10% casualties, joined by infantry
44 corps hold woods in the centre
45 corps hold woods on the left

Spanish attack in centre
CinC artillery rout cavalry and gunners
7 corps cavalry rout gunners
8 corps prepare to attack woods
9 corps pin French left flank

End of move 8

French retreat in centre
CinC rallied gunners, cavalry still in rout
43 corps garrison of farm 10% casualties, pass morale test
44 corps retreat to rear of woods in centre
45 corps hold woods on the left

Spanish attack in centre
CinC swing left to support 8th corps
7 corps attack farm and square on the far right
8 corps advance towards woods in centre
9 corps pin French left flank

End of move 10

French withdraw from woods in centre and farm on right
CinC joins garrison of farm on left
43 corps infantry square break and rout
44 corps retreat behind woods in the centre
45 corps hold woods on the left

Spanish attack woods in centre and farm on right
CinC move to support attack on woods in the centre
7 corps fire on farm, break infantry square on right
8 corps attack woods in the centre
9 corps pin French left


End of move 12

French abandon woods in centre and farm on the right
CinC escapes when farm is captured
43 corps garrison of farm captured, remainder of corps routed
44 corps abandon woods in centre and retreat
45 corps hold woods on the left at the end of the battle

Spanish capture woods in centre and farm on the right
CinC support 8 corps to take woods in centre
7 corps attack farm and capture garrison
8 corps attack and capture woods in the centre
9 corps pin French left flank

Summary
Spanish attack and capture woods in the centre and farm on the right
Having taken two of the three objectives they win the battle

French hold woods on the left, but retreat during darkness
French have lost 13 infantry 1 cavalry and 2 artillery casualties (5500 men)

Spanish have lost 4 infantry casualties (1600 men)
1 French infantry brigade captured and 2 in rout, also 1 cavalry and 2 artillery

Wednesday, December 4, 2024

8 August 1813 – Southern Spain – Day 7



Main French depot at Hellin – 18 days supplies

French occupy Jean
Spanish attack Huelma
Guerrilla brigades active

13th French army – regroup and resupply at Ubeda
14th French army – occupy Jean
15th French army – defend Huelma

1st Spanish army – regroup and resupply at Linares
2nd Spanish army – retreat to Martos
3rd Spanish army – attack Heulma

5 guerrilla attack convoy Hellin to Tobarra – fail no casualties
9 guerrilla attack convoy Hellin to Elche – fail no casualties
13 guerrilla attack convoy Mortalalla to Huelma – fail no casualties