19 April 1813 – Summary of Campaign in South Germany

Battles fought in South Germany

Campaign History

At the start of February1813 Napoleon considered the Austrians to be allies, and they had agreed to hold the Russian Army east of Berlin at the river Oder, whilst he reorganized the French Army behind the river Rhine.   He was unaware of the secret allied treaty which agreed that the Prussia, Russia, Austria, England and Spain would all declare war on France.    He was also unaware that the Austrians had concentrated their army at Linz on 20 January 1813.

On 10 February 1813 the Austrian army crossed the Bavarian border and occupied Munich.  

Napoleon ordered Oudinot to concentrate the Bavarian and Baden armies and form the Third French Army at Stuttgart.   On 26 February 1813 they became operational and were determined to teach the Austrians a lesson for their betrayal.

1 March 1813 – Augsburg Campaign.   Oudinot wins at first Augsburg, first Donauworth and third Donauworth.   Schwartzenberg wins at second Donauworth  and first and second Augsburg.   The Austrians win the campaign.

19 March 1813 – Ulm Campaign.   Schwartzenberg wins both battles at Ulm and Goppingen.   Oudinot is forced to retreat again.

27 March 1813 – Stuttgart Campaign.   Oudinot wins the first battle at Stuttgart.   However the Austrians win Ludwigsburg and second Stuttgart.  They also win the campaign.

                                                               

5 April 1813 – Armistice.   After a month of non stop marching and fighting both armies were in a poor shape.   Both needed time to regroup, resupply and reinforce.  Napoleon offered a seven day truce and Schwartzenberg eagerly accepted.  The terms of the truce was that the Austrian Army would retreat to Augsburg and the French Army would hold Stuttgart.   Unknown to Napoleon the Austrians were about to move their main army north to Prague to be closer to the Prussians and Russians.

12 April 1813 – Bamberg Campaign. Oudinot moved his army north to Darmstadt to counter the Austrian move to Prague.   Oudinot moved to take Bamberg, but Schwartzenberg occupied it first.   The French won at first Konigsfeld but were defeated when the Austrians counter attacked and won second Konigsfeld.   The Austrians won the campaign.                    

Reference

The campaign diary contains comprehensive details of the whole campaign.   The labels on the right are an index to various parts of the campaign.

01 - introduction to the 1813 campaign

02 - the five campaign areas

30 - introduction to the campaign in South Germany

33 - daily diary for the campaign in South Germany

34 - battle reports of all battles fought in South Germany